What is Engine Speed ​​Control Circuit?

There are many easy ways to control the speed of DC and AC motors. You don't always need to use Arduino or similar microcontrollers for speed control. There are many speed control circuits based on PWM control or voltage reduction. We will discuss motor driver types and how to choose a motor driver for you.

 

When choosing our motor driver, there are many factors to consider. First, we need to narrow down our options by asking a few questions.

First and foremost, the choice that will narrow down this selection the most is the type of our motor. Is our motor a DC motor, an AC motor, a brushless motor, a stepper motor, etc.? We need to know the answer to this question first.

The second question should be based on the voltage and current values of our motor. Assuming we are using a DC motor, we need to select a motor driver based on the voltage and current values of the motor. For example, if our motor operates at 12V and draws a maximum of 3 amps during operation, we need to select a motor driver that can operate at 12V and withstand a minimum of 3 amps.

 

Thirdly, it is necessary to examine the criteria of our motor driver. Do we want to experience power loss when we reduce the speed of our motor or not? In some projects, special power loss may be desired. Sometimes, you may not want to lose anything from the torque value. If you do not want to experience power loss as the speed decreases, you need to get a PWM-controlled speed control circuit.

 

DC motors are motors that operate with direct current energy from DC sources. Accordingly, it is necessary to use DC motor driver types. We will present DC motor types under two different categories, which are:

 

These circuits are well-known by many people who are devoted to Arduino projects, such as L298N, VNH2SP30, BTS7960B, etc. They can receive their signals from Arduino, and they are suitable for speed adjustment due to the signal range adjustment with PWM.

 

These circuits allow us to control the speed with potentiometers on them. They can have different voltage and current values ​​depending on the characteristics of the integrated circuits, circuit elements, and coolers on them. For example:

As seen, there are many driver types with different voltage and current values.

 

AC Motor Drivers usually perform a reduction based on voltage. They can also be used as voltage regulators. By reducing the 220V AC voltage from the mains, they also reduce the speed of the motor. This can also cause a power drop. AC motor drivers should be selected based on the current value drawn by your motor. For example, if your motor draws a maximum of 20A, you must use a motor driver that can handle 20 amps. You can access AC Motor Driver varieties by clicking here.